During the pandemic, hand sanitizers became essential tools in combating the spread of the coronavirus, instilling a sense of urgency in their use to safeguard lives. Although we’ve transitioned away from the pandemic, the practice of regular hand sanitizer use persists.
A recent study, conducted based on human cell cultures and mice, revealed that chemicals found in everyday household disinfectants, such as those in furniture, textiles, disinfectants, and adhesives, could potentially harm the brain’s supporting cells, particularly during critical stages of its development.
Ohio’s Case Western Reserve University molecular biologist Erin Cohn and colleagues examined 1,823 compounds of unknown toxicity
Ohio’s Case Western Reserve University molecular biologist Erin Cohn and colleagues examined 1,823 compounds of unknown toxicity. They discovered two types of chemicals that either killed or halted the maturation of oligodendrocytes, a type of supportive cell in the nervous system, in laboratory conditions. Oligodendrocytes wrap around neurons, forming an insulating sheath that ensures rapid transmission of brain signals.
One of the identified chemical classes is quaternary compounds, found in wipes, hand sanitizers, disinfectant sprays, toothpaste, and mouthwash, used for killing bacteria and viruses. Users can inadvertently ingest or inhale these chemicals. The other class is organophosphates, which act as flame retardants and are commonly found in textiles, adhesives, electronics, and furniture. Humans can absorb these fat-soluble organophosphates through the skin, allowing them to reach the brain.
In experiments conducted on mice, researchers administered one of three quaternary compounds orally, and days later, detectable levels of these chemicals were found in the brain tissue. Additionally, it was observed that fewer oligodendrocytes were present in the brains of the mice after they received 10 daily doses of a specific quaternary compound called cetylpyridinium chloride, administered during a critical period of brain development. Cohn stated, “We discovered that oligodendrocytes – unlike other brain cells – are surprisingly sensitive to quaternary ammonium compounds and organophosphate flame retardants.”
