The newest IPCC report warns about the dangers of global warming. This will most likely result in the thawing of the Arctic permafrost. Will this give rise to a new pandemic? Read and find out.
Scientists warn about the possibility of a new pandemic
The latest report on climate change by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) calls a code red for humanity. Dr. Christopher R. Burn, the president of the International Permafrost Association, revealed the consequences of thawing permafrost to the Indian Express.
What is permafrost?
Permafrost is the ground that remains at or below zero degrees celsius for at least two consecutive years. It can include soil, rock, ice, or any other organic material found on the ground. At present, permafrost covers over 23 million square kilometers, making almost 15 percent of the earth. Researchers have found perfectly preserved cave lion cubs and wooly mammoths among the layers of permafrost.
What can happen if the permafrost thaws?
The first to face the impact of thawing of permafrost are countries like Canada and Russia where roads and railway lines are built on permafrost. However, while this is a costly affair to fix, it is not the scariest. The organic material in permafrost is frozen solid for tens or even thousands of years. Once it begins thawing down, it will be available for microorganisms to break down. moreover, the biota will also release carbon or methane in some cases. The total carbon buried in permafrost is estimated to be about 1500 billion tonnes. Moreover, merely three meters of ground has almost 100 billion tonnes of carbon.
Additionally, the thawing of permafrost is also a concern for increased forest fires. Unlike regular forest fires, the tundra will not restore in a few decades. It could take centuries for burned tundra to restore the carbon stock. Moreover, layers of permafrost are full of secrets. Studies on mammoth carcasses in Russia revealed bacteria once frozen thousands of years ago. Additionally, the warm temperature is very suitable for the development of bacteria and viruses.
