A rare astronomical event known as a “major lunar standstill” is offering researchers a unique chance to study the potential lunar alignments of Stonehenge, the iconic ancient monument.
Celestial event occurs every 18.6 years
Every 18.6 years, the moon reaches its most extreme positions on the horizon, resulting in an extended presence in the night sky. This year’s major lunar standstill coincides with the summer solstice, creating a celestial spectacle that has captivated scientists and sky enthusiasts alike.
Focus on stonehenge
Researchers from the University of Oxford, University of Leicester, and the Royal Astronomical Society are focusing their attention on Stonehenge, exploring whether the stone circle was intentionally designed to align with the moon’s movements during this lunar event. Evidence suggests that while Stonehenge is renowned for its solar alignments, the monument may also have had a strong connection to the moon.
Station stones and lunar alignments
Archaeologists have found that the site’s “Station Stones”—a set of four sarsen stones arranged in a rectangle—appear to be aligned with the southernmost moonrise during a major lunar standstill. “Stonehenge’s architectural connection to the Sun is well known, but its link with the Moon is less well understood,” said Clive Ruggles, professor emeritus of archaeoastronomy at the University of Leicester. “The four Station Stones align with the Moon’s extreme positions, and researchers have debated for years whether this was deliberate and, if so, what might have been its purpose.”
‘Standstill season’ research
Throughout the “standstill season” from 2024 to 2025, scientists will gather at Stonehenge to document the moon’s alignment with the site’s features, aiming to gain insights into the historical significance and visual impacts of this celestial phenomenon.
Public engagement and livestreaming
The public will also have the opportunity to witness and engage with the research. English Heritage plans to livestream the southernmost moonrise at Stonehenge in June 2024 and will also host talks, a pop-up planetarium, and stargazing sessions.
