The European Union approved a plan to end the sale of vehicles with combustion engines by 2035 in Europe. The decision is taken in a bid to reduce CO2 emissions to zero.
The measure was first proposed in July 2021. This will mean a de facto halt to sales of petrol and diesel cars as well as light commercial vehicles and a complete shift to electric engines in the European Union from 2035.
The plan is intended to help achieve the continent’s climate objectives, in particular, carbon neutrality by 2050. At the request of countries including Germany and Italy, the EU-27 also agreed to consider a future green light for the use of alternative technologies such as synthetic fuels or plug-in hybrids.
Key Takeaways from European Union’s decision
While approval would be tied to achieving the complete elimination of greenhouse gas emissions, the technologies have been contested by environmental NGOs. The minister’s meeting in Luxembourg also approved a five-year extension of the exemption from CO2 obligations granted to so-called “niche” manufacturers, or those producing fewer than 10,000 vehicles per year, until the end of 2035.
The clause often referred to as the “Ferrari amendment”, will benefit luxury brands in particular. These measures must now be negotiated with members of the European Parliament.
“This is a big challenge for our automotive industry,” acknowledged French Minister of Ecological Transition Agnes Pannier-Runacher, who chaired Tuesday night’s meeting. But she said it was a “necessity” in the face of competition from China and the United States, which have bet heavily on electric vehicles seen as the future of the industry. These decisions will “allow a planned and accompanied transition”, the minister said.
Openness to synthetic fuels
Europe’s automotive industry, which is already investing heavily in the move to electric vehicles, fears the social impact of a too-rapid transition. “The overwhelming majority of car manufacturers have chosen electric cars,” said Frans Timmermans, the EU Commission Vice President in charge of the European Green Deal, at a press conference.
He affirmed the EU body’s willingness to be open-minded to other technologies — like synthetic fuels, which are also referred to as e-fuels.
“We are technology-neutral. What we want are zero-emission cars,” he explained. “At the moment, e-fuels do not seem a realistic solution, but if manufacturers can prove otherwise in the future, we will be open.” The technology of synthetic fuels, currently under study, consists of producing fuel from CO2 from industrial activities using low-carbon electricity, in a circular economy approach.
